Either and neither can be used in several ways: adverbs, determiners, pronouns and conjunctions.
While 'either' has a positive connotation, 'neither' holds a negative significance.
You will always find them paired up this way: either/or and neither/nor. These are the ways you can find them being used.
ADVERBS
When we find them behaving like adverbs, both either and neither become linking words.
> I don't like spinach. - Neither do I.
> I don't like mushrooms. - No, I don't like them either.
DETERMINERS
In the case of determiners, either and neither are positioned before the noun.
> The house has a door at either end.
> Neither journalist could finish their articles; there wasn't enough time.
PRONOUNS
For all those instances when either and neither behave like pronouns, the structure of the sentence would be:
either/neither followed by of + noun phrase
When they act as pronouns either means 'one or the other' while neither indicates 'not one or the other'
> Both these roads go to Rome; you can go either way.
> Neither of my arms is strong enough to lift that suitcase.
PRONOMES - PRONOUNS
Pronome é a classe de palavras que acompanha ou substitui um substantivo ou um outro pronome, indicando sua posição em relação às pessoas do discurso ou mesmo situando-o no espaço e no tempo. Os pronomes nos ajudam a evitar repetições desnecessárias na fala e na escrita. São divididos em:
Pronomes Pessoais - Personal Pronouns
Os Pronomes Pessoais referem-se a alguma pessoa, lugar ou objeto específico e são subdivididos em Pronomes
Pessoais do Caso Reto (Sujeito)
]- Subject Pronouns e Pronomes Pessoais do Caso Oblíquo
(Objeto) - Object Pronouns.
Caso Reto (Sujeito) Subject Pronoun |
Caso Oblíquo (Objeto) Object Pronoun |
I (eu) |
me (me, mim) |
you (tu, você) |
you (lhe, o, a, te, ti, a você) |
he (ele) |
him (lhe, o, a ele) |
she (ela) |
her (lhe, a, a ela) |
it (ele, ela [neutro]) |
it (lhe, o, a) |
we (nós) |
us (nos) |
you (vocês, vós) |
you (vos, lhes, a vocês) |
they (eles, elas) |
them (lhes, os, as) |
1. Os Pronomes Pessoais do Caso Reto desempenham papel de sujeito (subject) da oração:
Rachel and I go to the park every day. (Eu e Raquel vamos ao parque todos os dias.)
She is Brazilian. (Ela é Brasileira.)
2. Os Pronomes Pessoais do Caso Oblíquo desempenham as seguintes funções:
a) Objeto direto ou indireto:
Alfred loves her. (Alfredo a ama.)
b) Objeto de preposição:
We talked to him last night. (Nós falamos com ele ontem à noite.)
CONJUNCTION
In all the cases in which we find "either" and "neither" as conjunctions, we also find them combined with "or" and "nor".
either/or - They are used together to offer a choice between two things
> You can either call me at home or at the office.
> Either mum or dad will come to pick you up.
neither/nor - When they're paired up they negate both parts of a statement.
> Neither the blue one nor the red is available in size 4.
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